1995年阪神大震災によって生じた橋脚基礎から放射状に伸びる地盤亀裂の発生原因について
1995年の阪神大震災による橋梁基礎の被害調査報告書において、被災した橋梁基礎の端部から地盤亀裂が放射状に伸びるように発生していたことが示されている。この放射状に伸びた地盤亀裂の発生原因に関して、簡単な土槽実験と数値解析から、それらは護岸の崩壊に伴う護岸背後地盤の前方移動によって生じたものであり、橋脚の背面から流動化した地盤が大きな力を伴って作用したために発生したものではないことを明らかにした。
The Cause of Ground Fissures Radiated from the Footing of a Bridge Pier Generated by the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake
Ground fissures radiated from the footing of a bridge pier were found after the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake. The cause of the ground fissures are reported by Matsui et al. to have been generated by the movement of the pier toward the river(or sea)due to lateral spreading of the ground induced by soil liquefaction. It has been indicated that this lateral spreading of the ground intensified the damage to structures, so that the investigation of the mechanism that causes this severe damage is urgently needed. Consequently, this Kind of ground fissures is being observed with keen interest. This paper clarified from simple experimental and numerical studies that the ground fissures appeared not by the force due to the spreading ground acting to the back of the footing of the bridge pier, but by movement toward the river (or sea) of the ground behind the riverbank (or sea-bank) caused by the collapse of the riverbank (or sea-bank).
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